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Ultra fine grain emulsion: PFG-03M (red) |
Figure 1: Grain size distribution for PFG03M.
Figure 2: Characteristic curve for PFG03M.
Figure 3: Spectral sensitivity of the PFG-03M material.
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This material is designed for reflection hologram recording using CW radiation in the red spectral range (633nm - HeNe laser and 647nm - Krypton laser). This emulsion has forth times smaller grains than VRP-M and PFG-01 (figure1). Therefore, it is hundredths time less sensitive than fine grain emulsions VRP-M and PFG-01. Ultra fine grain emulsions provide a bit more clear image than fine grain ones, but are very soft and are not recommended for hobbyists and beginners due to quite difficult processing and shorter life time. The Characteristic curve is shown on Fig.2. Peak emulsion sensitivity is around 1.5-2mJ/cm2. The spectral sensitivity curve of the material is shown in Fig.3. Recommended processing is given in table1, recommended chemistry - in table2. |
| Exposure | 1.5 - 2.0 mJ/cm2 |
| Hardening | Hardener, 2-3 min |
| Wash | Water, 1-2 min |
| Development | GP-2, 10 - 15min |
| Wash | Water, 1-2 min |
| Fixing | Fixer, 2 min |
| Wash | Water, 1-2 min |
| Drying (Reflection Holograms). Note that temperature must be lower than 19oC. |
50%,75% and 96% Ethyl Alcohol, 2mins each bath |
Table 1: Recommended processing for PFG-03M
| Hardener | |
| Formalin 37% | 10ml |
| Potassium Bromide | 2g |
| Sodium Carbonate | 5g |
| Water | to 1L |
| GP-2 Developer - Concentrated solution: | |
| Methyl Phenidone | 0.2g |
| Hydroquinone | 5g |
| Sodium Sulphite(Anhyd.) | 100g |
| Potassium Hydroxide | 5g |
| Ammonium Thiocyanate | 12g |
| Water | to 1L |
| Working solution: 40ml GP-2+1L H20 | |
| Sodium Thiosulphate (cryst.) | 160 g |
| Potassium Metabisulphite | 40 g |
| Water | to 1L |
Table 2: Recommended Chemistry for PFG-03M.
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TITLE |
CHEMICAL |
FORMULA |
Sigma Aldrich code |
Fluka code |
|
Formalin 37% |
HCHO |
F 1635 |
47608 |
|
|
Potassium Bromide |
KBr |
P 9881 |
60095 |
|
|
Sodium Carbonate |
Na2CO3 |
S 7795 |
71351 |
|
|
GP-2 (Concentrated) |
Phenidone |
C6H5-C3H5N2O |
P 3441 |
79070 |
|
Hydroquinone |
C6H4-1,4-(OH)2 |
H 7148 |
53965 |
|
|
Sodium Sulphite (Anhyd.) |
Na2SO3 |
S 8018 |
71990 |
|
|
Potassium Hydroxide |
KOH |
P 1767 |
60381 |
|
|
Ammonium Thiocyanate |
NH4SCN |
A 0302 |
09950 |
|
|
Potassium Thiocyanate |
KSCN |
P 4816 |
60520 |
|
| Fixer | Sodium Thiosulphate(cryst.) | Na2S2O3•5H2O | S 6672 | 72048 |
| Potassium Metabisulphite | K2S2O5 | P 3941 | ||
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Table 3: Chemical Formulas and suppliers codes. |
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